INTRODUCTION:

“Prevention reveals the strength of awareness of background of study: government as well as society”

Anderson.

BACKGROUND STUDY:

Central venous pressure is also known as the Right arterial pressure (RAP) describe the pressure of blood in thoracic vena-cava near right atrium of the heart central venous pressure reflects the amount of blood returning to the heart and the ability of the heart to pump the blood into arterial system.

Table-1.1 Measurement:-

SITE	NORMAL PRESSURE
SITE	(RANGE IN mm of Hg)
Central venous pressure	Systolic: 15-30
Central venous pressure	Diastolic: 3-8
Pulmonary artery	Systolic: 15-30
Pressure	Diastolic: 4-12

Normal CVP can be measure from two points of reference

· Sternum: 0-14 cm H₂O.

· Midaxillary line: 8-15 cm H₂O.

Central venous pressure can be measure by connecting the central venous catheter to a special infusion set which is connected to a small diameter water column. If the water column is calibrated properly the height of the column indicates the central venous pressure.¹

Factors affecting central venous pressure include

· Hypervolemia

· Forced inhalation

· Tension Pneumothorax heart failure

· Plural effusion

· Decrease cardiac output

· Mechanical ventilation

· Application of positive end expiratory pressure

Factor that decrease central venous pressure include

· Hypovolemia

· Deep inhalation

· Distribute shock

Nursing care of patient with central venous pressure

Acute ill patient are more susceptible to infection, strict aseptic technique is vital to prevent infection during central venous pressure measurement connection of an infusion devices and connection of a syringe for bolus drug dose administration. The normal central venous pressure is 0-8 mm of hg. Keeping a central line handling to a minimum also helps to reduce risk. Nurses should monitor patient’s catheter and infusions to ensure unrestricted flow of fluids regular flushing of line may be prescribed. Catheter removal is usually performed by the Nurse explanation and the reassurance are once again required and the catheter is removed with the foot of flat (if tolerated) and the foot of the bed elevated, pressure is applied to the insertion site until bleeding has stopped. The catheter tip is usually cut off using sterile scissors and sent for microbiological examination.²

NEED OF THE STUDY:

“Life is not just being alive, but being well”

Catheter related blood stream infection (CRBSI) remain an important health problem for hospitalized children. Although placement of a central venous catheter is a life-saving intervention for critically ill patient. These same as central catheter are potential source of infection (European journal 1989).³

Blood stream infections related to central venous catheterization are one of the major device –associated infection reported. Patient admitted in critical care unit requiring central venous catheterization and presenting with sign of septicemia during catheterization period were investigated for catheter related blood stream infection(CRBSI).⁴

The CRBSI rate was 9.26 per 1000 catheter days in general with highest rate in neonatal intensive care unit (27.02/1000days) mortality of 33% was observed in patient with catheter related blood stream infection(CRBSI). (Chopdekark 2019 April- January)⁵

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:

A study to assess the effectiveness of pamphlet on knowledge regarding central venous pressure care among the staff nurses working in various intensive

CARE UNITS OF SELECTED HOSPITAL MEHSANA DISTRICT:

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:

1. To assess the knowledge regarding central venous pressure in various intensive care unit of selected hospital Mehsana district.

2. To assess the effectiveness of pamphlet on knowledge regarding central venous pressure in various intensive care unit of selected hospital Mehsana district.

3. To find out the association between post-test knowledge score with demographic variable.

MATERIAL AND METHODS:

Pre - experimental one group Pre-test / Post-test research design and Quantitative Approach. The data were collected from 60 staff nurses. “Non-Probability Convenient” sampling technique were used. A structured questionnaire was selected to assess the knowledge regarding Central Venous Pressure Care Among The Staff Nurses

RESULTS:

Demographic data was analyzed using frequency and percentage. Frequencies, percentage, mean, mean percentage and standard deviation was used to determine the knowledge score.

Table I: Data on demographic variables of staff nurses of Nootan General Hospital Visnagar N=60

Sr.No.	Demographic variable		Frequency	Percentage (%)
1.	Age in year	21- 30	52	86.66
		31-40	03	50
		41-50	05	8.33
2.	Gender	Male	16	26.66
2.	Gender	Female	44	73.33
3.	Professional qualification	G.N.M	17	28.3
		Post Basic Nursing	6	10
		Basic B.sc Nursing	37	61.7
4.	Work Experience	<1 year	33	55
		1-4 year	20	33.3
		5-8 year	03	5
		>8 year	04	6.7

Frequency and percentage distribution of Demographic variables of Staff nurses of Nootan General Hospital.

The data presented in the table 3 indicate result as follows:

1. Age in year:

Regarding age, categories of the respondents has been divided into four different categories among Staff Nurse, 86.66% of respondents belong to age 21 -30 years, 5% of respondents belongs to age group of 31-40, 8.33% of respondents belongs to age41 – 50 years.

2. Gender:

Regarding Gender, the sample belongs to the Male category (26.66%). The sample belong to the female category (73.33%)

3. Professional qualification:

Regarding Professional qualification 17 sample (28.3%) have G.N.M qualification, 6 sample (10%) have post basic Nursing qualification, and 37 sample (61.7%) have Basic B.Sc Nursing qualification.

4. Work experience:

Regarding work experience 33(55%) sample have <1 year experience, 20 (33.3%) sample have 1-4 year experience, 3 (5%) sample have 5-8 year experience, 4 (6.7%) sample have >8 year experience.

Finding related to demographic data:

In this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including the Age group 36% (28-37y), Gender 100% (Male), Religion 100% (Hindu), Marital status 71% (Married), Education 46% (Higher Secondary), Area of residence 64 % (Rural) Types of Industries 50% (cotton &construction), Duration of working in Industry 0-05 year (46%), and Monthly income 59% (5001-10, 000).

Table II: Data on level of knowledge on CVP among staff nurses in Nootan General Hospital, Visnagar n=60

Level of Knowledge	Pre-test		Post-test
Level of Knowledge	Frequency	Percent (%)	Frequency	Percent (%)
Poor (1-10)	01	1.66%	00	00
Average (11-20)	32	53.33%	02	3.33%
Good (21-30)	27	45%	58	98.66%
Total	60	100	60	100

Frequency and percentage distribution of level of knowledge on CVP among staff nurses in Nootan General Hospital Visnagar According to pre-test and post-test.

Objective-1: To assess the knowledge regarding central venous pressure in various intensive care unit of selected hospital Mehsana district.

Above table IV reveals that, during Pre-test, only 1 (1.66%) of staff nurses had Poor level (0-10 score) of knowledge on CVP, 32 (53.33%) of staff nurses had average (11-20 score) level of knowledge on CVP and 27 (45%) had good knowledge (21-30) on CVP. During Post-test, No one of staff nurses had Poor level(0-10score) of knowledge on CVP, 02(3.33%) of staff nurses had average (9-16 score) level of knowledge on CVP and 58(98.66%) had good knowledge (20-30) on CVP. It was inferred from the above table that the Pamphlets teaching programme was effective in improving knowledge on CVP among Staff nurses.

Table V: Data on effectiveness of planned teaching programme on CVP among Staff Nurses

Sr. No

Level of Knowledge

Mean

Mean difference

Standard deviation

“t”

test

Pre – test

20.38

6.17

5.526

0.7573

Post- test

26.55

1.95

Mean, Mean Difference, Standard Deviation, And ‘ t’ test value of level of knowledge on CVP among Staff nurses

Objective: 2. To assess the effectiveness of pamphlet on knowledge regarding central venous pressure in various intensive care unit of selected hospital Mehsana district. N=60

Table III Reveals that, during pre-test, the mean score of level of knowledge was 20.38 and the standard deviation was 5.526 During post-test, the mean score of level of knowledge was 26.55 and the standard deviation was 1.95. The obtained ‘t’ value for level of knowledge was 0.7573 which is significant at p<0.05 level. Thus it rejects the null hypothesis (H01) and accepts the research hypothesis (H1). This indicates that the Planned teaching programme on CVP among Staff nurses.

Data on association between level of knowledge on planned teaching programme on CVP among staff nurses with their demographic variables.

The association between the Pre-test level of Knowledge and socio demographic Variable. Based on the Third objectives used to chi –square test to associate the level of knowledge of CVP and selected demographic variable. The chi square value show that there is significant in Marital status. The calculated Chi-square was less than the table value at the 0.05 level of significance

CONCLUSION:

The Findings of The Study Indicate That Effectiveness of Pamphlet is Effective in Increase Pressure Care Among The Staff Nurses Working In Various Intensive Care Units of Selected Hospital Mehsana District. The sample size was 60 staff nurses using non probability convenient sampling method.

REFERENCE:

1. International Journal of Nursing Education Published by NOIDA, CVP, page no – 30, volume 4, no-1

2. Journal of Medical Surgical Nursing Published by Jabalpur, 2011, Page no-19

3. Nursing Journal of Nursing Education Published by TNAI, Feb2012, Page no -17, Volume-1

4. Nursing Outlook the Official Journal of American Academy, Published by September 2011, Page no-259, Volume- 59, no-5.

5. The Nursing Journal of Indian Published by TNAI April 2012, page no-74.

Received on 01.11.2020 Modified on 19.11.2020

Int. J. of Advances in Nur. Management. 2021; 9(1):11-14.

DOI: 10.5958/2454-2652.2021.00004.4